The United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles
consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and about five
thousands small islands. Their total area is over 244 000 square kilometres.
The United Kingdom is one of the world's smaller countries. Its population is
over 57 million. About 80 percent of the population is urban. The United
Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern
Ireland. Their capitals are London, Cardiff, Edinburgh and Belfast
respectively. Great Britain consists of England, Scotland and Wales and does
not include Northern Ireland. But in everyday speech Great Britain is used in
the meaning of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The
capital of the UK. is London. The British Isles are separated from the
Continent by the North Sea and the British Channel. The * western coast of Great
Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea.
The surface of the British Isles
varies very much. The north of Scotland is mountainous and is called the
Highlands. The South, which has beautiful valleys and plains, is called the
Lowlands. The north and west of England are mountainous, but the eastern,
central and south-eastern parts of England are a vast plain. Mountains are not
very high. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest mountain (1343 m). There are a
lot of rivers iri Great Britain, but they are not very long. The Severn is the
longest rive?, while the Thames is the deepest and the most important oae. The
mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence
the climate of the British Isles. It is mild the whole year round. The UK. is a
highly developed industrial country. It produces and exports machinery,
electronics, textile. One of the chief industries of the country is
shipbuilding. * The UK is a constitutional monarchy with a parliament and the
Queen as Head of State.
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