Manet Edouard 1832-1883

French painter. Active in Paris, he was one of the foremost French artistsof the 19th century. Rebelling against the academic tradition, he developeda clear and unaffected realist style. His subjects were mainlycontemporary, such as A Bar at the Folies-Bergіre 1882 (Courtauld Art
Gallery, London).
Born in Paris, he trained under a history painter and was inspired by Goyaand Velбzquez and also by Courbet. His Dйjeuner sur l'herbe/Picnic on the
Grass 1863 and Olympia 1865 (both Musйe d'Orsay, Paris) offendedconservative tastes in their matter-of-fact treatment of the nude body. Henever exhibited with the Impressionists, although he was associated withthem from the 1870s.

FLAUTIST

The most significant work of 1866 is "Flautist". The picture speaks aboutsurprising successes of the artist. It is written in three layers, withsuch reliance and skill, that never and nobody could them surpass. Manethas acquired in workshop of Cutur all colors, and he used brown tone, so -called "juice". He wrote at once on a thin one-ton ground. Modeling oflight and shadow were avaricious, the transition from the covered places toshadows is very realistic. Face and naked parts of a body are given inunusual vitality, which originally was written by soft equal tone, then heplanned shadows and only then, at the third stage, he imposed patches oflight. He did not aspire to hide the amendments and changes, he simplywrote down by wide stroke of paint, there is a bottom layer of painting istransparent through it, and it creates surprising effects. Manet seldom hasmixed paints. The trousers of a flautist are of moraine color (green-darkblue) and they will seem as a Chinese varnish. But some shadows, hardlydistinctive from close distance. From far distance the picture is moreunderstandable. This picture is situated in Luxembourg museum.